This once thriving community, originally called “Mikasuki”, was mapped by the British in 1778.  The village was first settled by Native Americans of Creek descent who later were in armed conflict with the white settlers crossing the border in the early 1800’s. 

          In 1818, Andrew Jackson and his men invaded, defeating the forces of village leader,  Kinhagee.  As the Native Americans fled south, settlers continued to move in and quickly resettle the area.   This rich fertile soil, previously tilled by the Native Americans, became a prime location for cotton plantations.  Florida became a Territory of the United States in 1821, and planters, many from the Carolinas and Georgia, came with land grant deeds signed by then President John Quincy Adams and Territorial Governor, Andrew Jackson.  In 1823, the existence of a road was recorded which lead from the upper Suwannee River….passing through Mikasukie….the road was bringing settlers into the rich farm lands. 

These early settlers established what became one of the oldest communities in Florida.  They built log cabins for homes; second buildings were churches and the third was a school.

  During those early days, missionaries were sent into this new territory and churches were soon organized.  Beginning with Miccosukee United Methodist Church in 1828, Indian Springs Baptist Church in 1929, and Pisgah United Methodist Church in 1830.

          A United States Post Office was established in May, 1831, just 6 years after the Post Office in Tallahassee.  Miccosukee’s mail came from Thomasville, Georgia, through Metcalfe.     General mercantile stores sprang up at the crossroads and cotton was king.

          These settlers established what was called “old field” schools to provide education for their children.  The “old field” school in Miccosukee was built south of the crossroads on land owned by Miles Blake.  The school was incorporated in 1839 as Miccosukee Academy and was one of the earliest educational institutions in Leon County.

During these early years, Miccosukee remained a rough frontier.  To protect the area from Indian attack during the Seminole Wars, in the mid 1830s, a volunteer militia was created known as the “Miccosukee Hurrahs”.  The volunteers drilled in a field near the first Indian Springs Baptist Church site, and built a stockade on the George E. Dennis Plantation to serve as a refuge in case of attack.   Another incident in this rough frontier, an infamous duel in 1839, between General Leigh Read and Augustus Alston took place on the Alston plantation just south of Miccosukee.  Four men ended up dead following disagreements over Florida’s banking policy.

          Within this region, known as Middle Florida, a plantation belt quickly developed.  Miccosukee land attracted many aristocratic families to the area who developed large cotton plantations such as Blakely, Ingleside, Chemonie.  The agricultural boom continued until the Civil War.

                   After the Civil War, the plantations shifted to a sharecropping or tenant farm system.  This period became the heyday of the small yeoman farmer.  By the 1870s the economy was beginning to rebound.  A newspaper, The Semi-Tropical, reported in July, 1876, that Miccosukie has two stores, a schoolhouse, a Methodist Church, a Baptist Church, a Masonic Lodge and two doctors.

          Rural crossroad communities prospered in Leon County during this period and Miccosukee was no exception.  The Florida Railway and Navigation Company line (later Atlantic Coastline RR) connected Thomasville with Miccosukee and places south.  The prospering communities located on a rail line had cotton gins and grist mills to serve the farmers of the regions.  

 In 1886, the Florida State Gazetteer, listed Miccosukee having six general stores, one school, a teacher, postmaster, and three vegetable and truck farmers. 

Miccosukee is one of Leon County’s finer remaining examples of a rural crossroad community.